A live pig, anti-wind attack. The pig house in winter must block wind tunnels, hang straw curtains, and paste windows to prevent rat holes, cracks, gaps, and broken tops in the circle from blowing into “dragon style†and “thief styleâ€. Vents can stay at least 1 meter above the ground. Second, prevent moisture. Stow drying is one of the main measures to ensure the health of live pigs. Air is a kind of heat-conducting material, and the more humid it is, the stronger its thermal conductivity is. The faster the heat in the pigs in the circle is radiated. The pig's body is chilly, and it is necessary to get squashed. Crush injuries or even death occur. Epidemics are also prone to occur. Therefore, the circle must be a hardworking pad to ensure the dryness, and pay attention to the training of pigs to defecate urine, there is a dry place. Third, anti-low temperature. The optimum temperature for growing pigs is 15°C～25°C. The normal growth temperature should also be above 8°C. In order to ensure the normal growth and development of pigs, the best way is to use warm greenhouses, that is, use thicker plastic film. The top of the circle should be covered with a slope of about 30 degrees for easy lighting. If the circle temperature is too high, it can be ventilated and ventilated. It should be cleared in time after snowing. Fourth, cold food. In winter, pigs eat nothing more than to protect themselves from the cold and increase their weight. Sows need to protect their normal growth and development of the fetus, so it is necessary to appropriately increase the energy feed during the seasoning to increase the cold. When feeding the mixed feed, it is best to feed raw food dry. When mixing with a small amount of water, the water temperature should be around 25°C. In case of thin-feeding, the feed should be warm, and less ground should be added to prevent cold and cold. Fifth, prevent chaos feeding. Feeding pigs should be stable in feeding quality and stable in feeding time. Ingredients should be based on different production performances and different growth stages. Do not abruptly change the quality. If you need to change feeds, increase the amount and change the feeding time should gradually change. 6, anti-cold drink. Pigs have a large demand for water, and the need for water is very important. If there is no water in the circle, the pig will eat snow, eat ice, and drink urine. This will inevitably cause digestive diseases or other diseases. Therefore, we must constantly provide warm and clean drinking water, both to prevent patients and pigs need. Seven, bite-proof frame. The normal growth of pigs, feeding must be comprehensive nutrition, lack of one or more components, not only slow growth, but also may have bite frame "evil", especially the lack of winter green fodder, the possibility of "devil" appears more Large, therefore, in the feed to supply a variety of vitamins, minerals and trace elements, and strong and weak groups, size, timely castration. Eight, disease prevention. Low air temperature in winter, dry pigs, digestive tract diseases, respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, etc. are prone to occur. To ensure the healthy development of pig production, we must always keep the laps clean, clean, and hygienic. Spray disinfection, pigs should be injected with vaccines, and should be prepared with commonly used drugs, early isolation and early treatment. Fish pond transformation. In the winter season, ponds were used to transform ponds, and Xiaotang changed Datang and shallow ponds to deeper ponds. After transformation, it can increase the pond's water capacity and improve the pond's environment. The ponds with better conditions will also need to be renovated, and the pool water will be drained. After sun exposure, the thick mud (with a retention of about 20 cm) will be excavated, and weeds will be removed to raise the height of the pond. Pond disinfection. Renovated ponds should be sterilized with clear ponds. Commonly used disinfectants include quicklime, dried tea, and bleached powder. However, the quick disinfecting effect of lime is best and can also play a role in fertilization. Pond disinfection should be selected on sunny days. Dry disinfection, with 50kg to 80kg of lime per acre pond, 5cm to 10cm deep water in the pond, so that the injected lime slurry can be evenly distributed; with water disinfection, the average water depth of 1 mu with lime 120 kg to 150 kg require uniform spreading of lime blocks and full agitation to enhance disinfection. Fertilizer water quality. After being disinfected with the quick-lime clear pond for 5 days to 6 days, it can be fertilized with water. Shi Jifei uses pigs, cow dung from 500 kg to 750 kg, or large manure from 100 kg to 200 kg to fertilize pool water to increase the amount of food organisms in the water to meet the needs of fish species. Early release of fish species. Early stocking of fish species will enable fish to adapt to a new living environment earlier, eat earlier, grow early, and relatively prolong the growth period. From the winter solstice to the beginning of spring is the best season for stocking fish, because during this time, the temperature and water temperature are relatively low, the scales of fish are tight, and the fish body is not easily damaged during fishing and stocking operations, which can reduce the incidence and mortality of fish species. rate. The fish species should be selected to be carried out on a sunny or cloudy day when the temperature is not too low. Cold weather or freezing snow and windy weather can easily cause fish to be frozen and should not be stocked. Fish quality. The size of stocked fingerlings should not be too small, requiring a body length of 20 cm or more, a small back of the fish head, a strong body of manure, a complete fins and fins, a lively swim, a distinct body color, and no disease or injury. Such fish species have strong adaptability, high survival rate, rapid growth, and large size of outlet ponds. Fish disinfection and immunization. Fish ponds are first immersed with 4% salt water for 5 minutes to 10 minutes, or soaked with other liquids. Some fish species should also be injected with immunization vaccines. Feeding management. After the fish species is under the pond, in case of cold weather, it is necessary to deepen the antifreeze of the pool water. When the sunny temperature is high, it is necessary to properly feed some concentrate feed to ensure the fish need to eat and promote its growth. A duck, feeding off. In winter, the weather is cold, and the proportion of energy feed must be appropriately increased. At the same time, feed formulas should be adjusted according to the different egg production rates of ducks. In addition, a good amount of vitamins should be incorporated in the feed to meet the needs of ducks for various vitamins. When feeding, feed 3 to 4 times a day, drink the same clean water as Sheevin, and feed 3 days of cod liver oil to ducks every 15 days, 1 ml per duck per day, which is good for raising or keeping ducks. Egg production rate. Second, antifreeze off. Duck egg production is closely related to temperature. If the temperature is below 0°C, the duck's egg production will drop significantly. In order to maintain a high egg production rate in laying ducks in winter, it is advisable that the temperature in the shed be not less than 6°C. Therefore, in order to reduce the distribution of heat in the sheds and prevent cold winds, the sheds can be sealed on all sides with ventilation. If the weather is too cold, additional heating equipment should be installed in the shed. In addition, the bedding in the shed should be changed frequently and the floor should be clean and dry. Do not allow the duck to spend winter in damp, cold places. Third, stocking off. In winter, laying ducks should be released outside the sheds every day according to the weather, so that they can freely feed, swim, and exercise, which is conducive to egg formation and egg production. However, when grazing, be sure to choose a lee place for grazing. It's best to drive the ducks against the wind to prevent the duck feathers from being exposed to dampness and coldness. At the same time, when the ducklings go into the water, they must first let the ducks run on the dry land for half an hour before letting them go into the water. This will prevent the ducks from cramping due to the cool water after they get into the water. Fourth, fill light off. Due to the short day and long winter days, for the duck populations that are arranged at the peak of egg production in winter, care should be taken to use artificial light to supplement the natural illumination time. It is generally possible to hang a 60 watt bulb every 30 square meters in the shed, 2 meters from the ground, and add a lampshade. The time for turning on the lights is usually between 5 and 8 in the evening and 4 to 7 in the early morning. After October of each year, most of the crabs in the area are listed for sale. In exchange for the seasonal difference, the crabs can be used for raising and fattening through plastic greenhouses until they are sold around the Spring Festival of New Year's Day. The benefits can be significantly increased. The technical highlights are described below. According to greenhouse vegetable erection method to build, there are two kinds of single and double structure, the material can be selected bamboo poles, available conditions available steel structure, in addition to the need to have a suitable amount of straw mats, in order to cover the winter in plastic greenhouses to increase temperature. First, raise a fattening pond 1, cement pool. Area of ​​50 square meters to 100 square meters, can store more than 1.2 meters, into the drainage is convenient, in the bottom of the pool covered with 10 cm to 15 cm fine sand, after disinfection by soaking water for about 10 days before use, and then build the plastic according to the above Greenhouse. 2, earth pool. Area of ​​5 mu ~ 10 mu, can maintain a water level of 1.5 meters or more, no leakage, easy access to water, sludge depth of no more than 15 cm; 10 days before the river crab into the pool, with clear lime pond, a week after the injection of water, The plastic canopy can still be installed according to the aforementioned method. 3, indoor. Indoor no need to build plastic greenhouse insulation facilities, directly use the idle house to build a smooth concrete wall, the floor does not leak cement pool; also be short-term maintenance, the general area of ​​10 square meters to 30 square meters. Maintenance density. The cement pool is 1.5 kg-2 kg per square meter. Before the crabs enter the pool, aquatic plants such as water peanuts must be placed in the pond, accounting for 1/3 of the water area, for their habitat and feeding. The earthen pond is 500 to 700 kilograms per mu, and the pond must also be given 1/3 to 2/5 of the aquatic plants, which will allow the crabs to safely avoid the enemy and feed. The room is 3kg to 5kg per square meter. Feeding feeding. The use of a plastic greenhouse greenhouse in the winter can keep the temperature of the greenhouse water above 15°C for most of the winter, ensuring that the crab can grow normally at the appropriate water temperature. In the previous stage of feeding, bait should be dominated by plant foods. Such as soaked or cooked wheat, soybeans, sweet potatoes, vegetables and so on. Each day, the amount of bait is about 5% to 8% of the weight of the crabs. Each morning and afternoon, they are fed one at a time. They are fed from 10 am to 11 am. Three feeds are fed to the feed and 4 to 5 pm, accounting for 7 Copies. In the latter stage of feeding, the animal protein content in the food should be appropriately increased, and small fish, shrimp, silkworm kidney, snail meat, and compound feed can be fed in appropriate amounts, but when the cost is reduced or animal feed is not easily available, it can still be used. Feeding according to the above method is also effective. Second, daily management 1, water quality regulation. The crabs like to have a relatively fresh water environment. The size of the water exchange should be determined according to the capacity of the pool. The general reference standard is that the pool water must maintain 5 mg/L of dissolved oxygen with a transparency of about 40 cm. 2, greenhouse management. In order to maintain the water temperature, it is necessary to pay attention to the seal of the plastic film and the poolside. Do not open the greenhouse door for a long time or open the door frequently. If the agricultural film is damaged, repair it in time. Observe the feeding status of the crabs every day and adjust the feeding amount at any time. At the same time, depending on the water quality, every 1 to 3 days, when the weather is warm in the afternoon, change the water in the pool 1/5 to 1/3. 3. Prevent diseases. In order to prevent diseases, appropriate amount of sulfa drugs and antibiotics should be mixed in the feed every 1 week to 2 weeks. The feed can be soaked in a solution with a prescribed dose of the drug and then fed together with a small amount of the remaining solution. Cows should be kept cold during the winter. The optimum temperature for cows is 10°C to 16°C. After entering the winter, pay attention to the cold. Although cows have the characteristic of being afraid of heat and not being cold, they must be careful to prevent thieves from attacking the wind. When there is cold air intrusion and sudden drop in temperature, do a good job in the insulation of the house. Closing the rear window, ventilation holes, etc. in a timely manner. To remove urine in time, keep the house clean and dry, and eliminate the unfavorable environment of low temperature and humidity. For the perinatal cows, new calves, and high-yield cattle, the pens should be warmed to ensure that the barn temperatures are around 15°C. Second, the forage should be diversified. To give a variety of forage grass feed. Three or five species of forage grass in the diet are required. The first is to feed a certain amount of high quality hay, preferably at the flowering stage. One is to feed silage. The second is to give a certain amount of green and juicy feed. For example, carrots, sweet potatoes, winter grazing, 70 ryegrass, etc. Roughage should enable the cows to eat a full amount, and concentrate feed should be configured and fed according to the individual milk production of the cows. Third, do a good job in winter breeding. Winter mating quaternary births is beneficial for the cows to obtain high yields. Dairy cows are usually "summer with spring, winter with autumn students." If you can breed a quaternary in winter, you can avoid hot summer calving. It can increase milk production and milk quality and improve the health of dairy cows. Fourth, pay attention to brushing cattle body. Brushing the body of cattle can keep the body clean and hygienic, promote skin blood circulation, regulate body temperature, promote metabolism, and increase disease resistance. Reduce the incidence of colds and other diseases. Can also promote human and animal affinity and easy management. To brush twice a day, morning and evening, every 3 minutes to 5 minutes, to thoroughly brush all parts of the body, not omissions. Fifth, prevention and treatment of diseases. Periodically clean and disinfect cowsheds and playgrounds. Vaccinations are performed according to immunization procedures. Deworming after winter. Early treatment of the disease was found to ensure the health of the cows and to promote prolific milk production. Goats must be scientifically grazing. In winter, when the climate is cold and there is frequent wind and snow, when grazing, you should choose low-lying lands and grazing areas in the sunny plains and beaches in the mountains. Do not swim too far. You can quickly turn back in the face of sudden changes in the weather. Security. At the same time, winter has a long period of withered grass and grassland is often lack of sense. The shepherd should be far behind and near first, after the yin yang, the first high after the low, the first ditch after the flat, late late return, slow walk slow swim. If possible, some pastures can be left near the sheep pen to provide grazing and emergency treatment in case of bad weather. Second, to provide enough forage. In winter, wild goats eat little grass and the energy and nutritive value of the dead grass are very poor. If goats don't eat well or eat poorly during the winter, they can easily fall out. Therefore, it is very important to feed the goats with winter fodder. The storage of forage materials should generally begin in the summer and autumn. Therefore, the seasonal forages are rich and their nutritional value is high. More labor can be put into the collection and drying of various types of natural grass for later use. In addition, some concentrates should also be stocked to facilitate supplementation. Third, timely whole group. Before the sheep enter the winter field, it is best to carry out the whole group. Except for the proper elimination of poor sheep and poor nutrition, the rest were grouped according to nutritional status in order to facilitate grazing. At the same time, during the winter, there are often many female goats who are farrowing here, and the ewes should be moved to the littering room before the farrowing. After a period of time, the newborn lambs will organize lambs to prevent them from grazing long distances with large herds of goats. Specialists are responsible for the lambs to grazing in close quarters. After the cycle, they must also hurry into the lambs. Adult sheep are raised separately. Fourth, to keep warm and cold. Before going into the winter, conduct a check on the sheep house to repair leaks, prevent draughts, snow and rain, and ensure that the house is warm and dry. When the cold wave comes, you should thicken the grass. In addition, you must not raise the temperature in your home to prevent the sheep from suffering from pneumonia because of smoke. Fifth, we must do a good job of health and epidemic prevention. In winter, check the pens regularly to keep the pens, litter, drinking water, and hay clean. If necessary, thoroughly disinfect the pens. At the same time, Yangyang households must learn to prevent and treat the major diseases of the sheep, and manage the sheep so that it does not come into contact with diseased sheep and do a good job of prevention work. In the early winter season, the sheep is easy to grow long. Once discovered, it can be mixed with rapeseed oil and kerosene and applied to the affected area 3 times to 5 times a day for 3 days to 4 days. Can also be taken lard 100 grams, 150 grams of ginger mixed mash rubbed the affected area of ​​the sheep, 1 to 2 times to eliminate. A layer of eggs, keep warm. Warm-shed chickens or closed chickens are used to strengthen the cold and keep warm, keeping the temperature of the chicken house at 17°C to 21°C. The chicken's event venue is also covered with a film. Second, add light. During the high-yield period, chickens need 16 hours of light every day. In the winter, it is possible to turn on the light at 5 o'clock in the morning, use natural light during the day, turn on the lights before dark and turn off the lights at 9 o'clock at night. The light bulb should be within 60 watts, and an average of 3 watts of light bulb per square meter can be used. Three, clever feed. 1 feed dry material. In winter, the temperature is low, and the chicken needs more calories. It is best to feed dry materials. The winter dry materials do not freeze, which is conducive to the absorption and growth of chickens. 2 Add chili powder. Adding 1% to 2% of chili powder to layer chicken feed in winter can increase the egg production rate by more than 10%. 3 feed garlic sprouts. Garlic seedlings can be appetizing stomach. In winter, adding a small amount of chopped garlic to the layer chicken feed can increase the egg production rate by more than 10%. 4 Feed cod liver oil. Feeding one cod liver oil pill per bird per day in winter can increase the egg production rate by more than 15%. 5 Increase the number of feedings. The winter chicken feed intake increased by more than 10% over summer. 6 adjust the proportion of feed. The proportion of energy feed should be increased in the feed, and protein feed should be appropriately reduced. Fourth, ventilation. Warm shed chickens, high temperature and high humidity, frequent ventilation, timely cleaning of chicken manure, keep clean and sanitation in order to reduce chicken respiratory disease. Ventilation should be conducted at noon, ventilation 1 hour to 2 hours. China Agricultural Network Editor
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