The three-way hybrid pigs have the advantages of rapid growth, strong disease resistance, high fertility, good quality, and high feed remuneration, and should be vigorously promoted. 1. Hybridization model of three-way hybrid lean pigs In general, three-way hybrid pigs can be divided into two modes, namely "Yangsanyuan" pigs and "Sanyangyitu" pigs. (1) Yang Sanyuan female parent, the first male parent, and the second male parent are all exotic breeder pigs. Hybrids produce three-way hybrid lean pigs. (2) Tusanyuan uses the local female sows as the female parent, the Yorkshire boar as the first male parent, the hybrid production of the hybrid female sow of the second generation of the Shanyuan sow, and the Duroc or Landrace boar The male crosses with a binary sow to produce a binary hybrid pig. 2. The building of a piggery building should be suitable for pigs due to the time and location. It cannot be forced, but the general requirement is economical and durable. Sheshan is warm in winter, cool in summer, sunny, well ventilated, easy to compost, epidemic prevention, and gradual mechanization. 3. Feeding management (1) The following different protein levels are often used in scientifically matched diets: 22% for suckling piglets (below 10kg), 18% for young pigs (10-25kg), and 16% for pre-fattening (25-55kg), and fattening. In the later stage (55-90kg), 14%, therefore, the feed containing higher protein content should be fed in the early stage of the fattening before 50kg in the production, and the feed containing more carbohydrates should be the main ingredient in the late fattening stage. Protein feed gradually decreases. (2) Improve feeding methods Promote raw feed: Feed raw and feed can save vitamins in the feed without destroying it, and can save labor, fuel, equipment, etc. to reduce the cost of raising pigs. The raw and feed methods, compound feed can be adjusted into dry powder, raw porridge, wet mix, and pellets, etc., and green feed chopped and fed. Feeding pigs with raw feed should pay attention to: (1) When changing from raw feed to raw feed, it should be gradually changed, otherwise it will affect the pig's appetite and weight gain; (2) When using wet mix, dry powder, granular feed to pigs, Every day should pay attention to the supply of adequate drinking water, and the amount of green feed supplement; (3) live feeding pigs susceptible to parasites, should be regularly deworming. Limited feeding: It is to feed the diet in divided doses. This is a widely used method, but it should pay attention to timing, quantitative, qualitative, in order to achieve better results. Timing: Fix the daily feeding time. Generally speaking, the suckling piglets are fed 5-6tons a day, the nursing sows are 3-4tons, and the other pigs are 2~3tons. Quantitative: the amount of fixed pig feed, the number of feeds per meal Not enough but not excessive; Qualitative: The quality of the pig feed is better, the feed formula is not changed at will, and mild and rotten feeds are not fed. Unlimited feeding: In the automatic feeding tank, a few days of compound feed is added, and there is no restriction on the appetite of each pig (used in large-scale pig farms). (3) Reasonable grouping In order to facilitate the feeding and management and improve the labor efficiency, the pigs should be grouped and divided into groups according to their breed, sex, weight, size, physical fitness, good or bad condition and feed intake, etc. to ensure various types of pigs. Can get normal development. Reasonable grouping is not a matter of separating the pigs. It must be adjusted at any time according to the growth and development of the pig. (4) Attention to cold, heatstroke pigs are very sensitive to over-cooled, overheated climate and dirty air, so pigs should maintain proper temperature and humidity. The temperature of the pig house should be maintained at 15-20°C, and the relative humidity should be 65%-75%. The pig house should be kept cool in winter and cool in summer. Conditioned pig farms should be equipped with ventilated thermal insulation equipment when they are under construction. (5) Establishing a normal work schedule All types of pigs must properly arrange feeding, drinking, grazing, sports, rest, and other life schedules so that pigs can develop good living habits. Pigs in a quiet and regular environment are conducive to the normal physiological activities of pigs, promote growth and improve production performance. When a normal work schedule is established, the keeper's work can be organized and easy to work and rest. 4. Prevention and treatment of common diseases in swine (1) Swine fever swine fever is a vicious infectious disease characterized by sepsis caused by the mountain swine fever virus. The clinical manifestations of persistent high fever, diarrhea after the first knot, diarrhea blood, sick pigs lethargy, drilling haystacks, eating sewage. Except for early treatment with a large amount of anti-pig serum, there is little effect on other drugs. Although there is currently no cure for the disease, it can be prevented. Injecting piglets with attenuated freeze-dried vaccines can produce strong immunity on the 4th day after injection. The immunization period can reach more than one year. (2) Foot-and-mouth disease is a kind of acute, hot, and highly contagious infectious disease. Clinically, blisters occur in the hooves, mouth, nose pads, breasts, etc., and infections are very rapid, posing a great threat to pork exports. The prevention and control method is: The infected pigs must be immediately slaughtered, and vaccination around the epidemic site with No. 5 disease (ie, foot-and-mouth disease) vaccine should be injected to form an immune zone to control the epidemic spread. (3) Piglets Paratyphoid Piglets Paratyphoid fever is caused by cholera cholera in Salmonella genus. It is mainly caused by cholera and diarrhea. The fundamental measures for prevention of this disease are to improve feeding and management and hygiene conditions and to enhance the disease resistance of piglets. (4) Piglets Bastard piglets are common plagues of piglets whose main symptoms are caused by certain virulent strains of E. coli in the condition of poor feeding and management conditions. They often appear in 1-2 weeks of age. Milking pig. Treatment: (1) Furazolidin O.1-0.3g per head per day, served in 2 doses, and even served 3d; (2) Oxytetracycline per kg body weight fed O.05g. 5, a few issues (1) the meaning of rapid pig law Rapid pig law has two meanings: On the one hand, refers to the rapid development of the pig population, on the other hand, refers to the individual pig growth. Its characteristics are summed up in 18 words: "Multiplication, fewer deaths, rapid growth, early slaughter, low cost, and high efficiency." The rapid pig raising method is based on scientific feeding standards to ensure the growth and development of the pigs. Needs, so grow fast, generally three-pig fat pigs (starting from the purchase of piglets) can be released twice a year. In addition to scientific management, epidemic prevention and health are well grasped, there are fewer deaths from epidemics, costs are reduced, and economic benefits are naturally high. (2) Selection of pig breeds Pigs are required to raise cross-breeding pigs. That is to say, if the breed of the pig is not selected, even though you have spent a lot of time, the benefits will not be too good, even at a loss. (3) The benefits of early supplementation of piglets can guarantee fast growth and development of weaned pigs, significant weaning masses, robust physique, strong disease resistance, and high survival rate; they can exercise the digestive tract function of piglets earlier, improve feed utilization, and reduce costs; After eating on the bar, he is willing to eat long and easy fattening. (4) The practice of feed fermentation Sausage with soybeans mixed with corn, wheat, beans, etc., beaten into powder by the grinder. Second, add water to a clean tile or concrete pool. In winter, clean hot water below 50°C is added, cold water is available in summer, and water accounts for 70%-80% of the feed amount. Then add 1%-2% of microorganisms to add penalties, mix thoroughly, and place in a clean tile or cylinder. In the cement pool, the pigs can be fed after being fully stirred for 24 hours. (5) The relationship between body weight and economic benefit when pigs are slaughtered With the current popularized hybrid pigs, the weight of 90-1OOkg is the best and the economic benefit is the highest. China Agricultural Network Editor
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