1. Seed processing
Sowing and cutting buds: Generally, warm seeds are planted 15 days before sowing. When germinating buds, you can cut buds when you see small white buds. When cutting buds, you should do a good knife disinfection (with 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 500 Double liquid dipping knife, cut into the diseased potato must be thrown out of the diseased potato, disinfected and then cut a piece, cut buds as much as possible when the top buds are divided into several pieces, each bud weight 25 ~ 30 grams is appropriate.
Soaking with drugs: soak the seed potatoes with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times for 15 minutes and allow to dry.
2. Apply base fertilizer
Choosing a plot suitable for potato growth, avoid continuous cropping; use farmyard fertilizers as a Supplement, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and fully decompose organic fertilizers. After the harvest, the former crop should be ploughed in time, and the depth of tillage should reach 25-30cm; the base fertilizer should be applied, the organic fertilizer should be 1000-2000kg/667m2, the urea should be 20kg/667m2, the superphosphate 25kg/667m2, and the potassium fertilizer 2.5kg/667m2.
3, timely sowing, reasonable close planting
The time for planting spring mulch potato should be at the end of February and early March. Sow 2 rows, 40 cm from a small row, 120 cm from a row, 15-20 cm depth, 3 cm soil covered with organic fertilizer and buds, sprouts facing upwards, 25-30 cm spacing, and then cover the sowing trench with cover soil. 25 cm high, the number of plants per 667 m2 is to reach 5000, and the mulch after the species is covered.
4, ridging film
Requires a large ridge width of 60cm, a height of 20cm, and a small ditch in the middle of the large ridge face. The small ditch is 10cm wide and 5-8cm deep. The wide groove is 40cm wide. The width and width of the ridges are required to be uniform and the ridges are of the same height. The autumn coating and the top coating are mainly covered with a black plastic film with a thickness of 0.01 mm and a width of 120 cm. Holes are drilled every 50cm in the microgrooves and ridges on the ridge to allow precipitation to seep into the soil in time.
5, selection and sowing density and time
Generally choose Xindaping, yamshu 3, yam potato 5, yam potato 6, yam potato 7, yam potato 8, yam potato 9, yam potato 10 and other varieties. Sowing in late April and early May, the density is 3500-4000/667 m2. 4. Field management: mainly prevention of late blight and underground pests.
6, reasonable top-dressing soil
When the seedlings were grown to a height of 15 to 20 cm, topdressing was performed. 10 kg of urea per 667 square meters and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer were added, and the soil was immediately cultivated to promote the rapid growth of the plants in the early stage. In the process of growth, we should cultivate and weed the soil in time, divide the soil, increase the amount of tuber, protect the roots of the potato, and the tubers should not be exposed.
It is suitable for semi-arid areas and areas in central Gansu.
7, reasonable irrigation
Look at the ground water, keep the soil moist, avoid being too wet or too dry. After the emergence of seedlings, timely irrigation. The budding and flowering period of potatoes is the critical period of water demand. When drought occurs, it must be watered in time. After this period, watering will be repeated, and the proportion of malformed potatoes will be severely reduced. It takes only 3 to 4 times after flowering and budding, and rapid withdrawal of rapid irrigation. Stop watering about 10 days before harvest to improve its quality and to be more resistant to storage.
8, timely medication
Spraying potash fertilizer: Spraying 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution 5 to 7 days before flowering of the potato can generally increase production by about 10%.
Prevention of late blight: 45 days before budding or after emergence, 58% metalaxyl MnZn wettable powder 500 times spray prevention.
9, timely harvest
The potatoes can be dug up when the leaves turn yellow. Choose sunny, easy to pick up, packing and other field operations. As the harvested potatoes are exposed to sunlight, the tubers not only tend to turn green and produce a toxic chemical called a solanine, but are also very perishable. Therefore, try to avoid high temperatures and sunlight exposure before and after noon. Temporarily select a place with a lower temperature and protect it from light. Be careful not to be exposed to direct sunlight.
Precautions
The ridge height is controlled at 20 cm to prevent the water in the ridge from being too low and the spring gale from uncovering the membrane in case of severe drought stress.
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Chinese herbal medicine chemistry refers to the science of using modern chemical theories and methods to study the chemical composition of Chinese herbal medicine. The object of Chinese herbal medicine chemistry research is the chemical composition of Chinese herbal medicine. The chemical composition of Chinese herbal medicine is very complex, usually sugar, Amino Acid, protein, oil, wax , enzymes, pigments, vitamins, organic acids, tannins, inorganic salts, volatile oils, alkaloids, glycosides, etc. Every Chinese herbal medicine may contain multiple ingredients. Among these ingredients, some of them have obvious biological activity and play a medical role, and are often called active ingredients, such as alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oils, amino acids, etc. The reason why Chinese herbal medicine has medical effects is mainly due to the active ingredients it contains. In addition to many active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines that have been studied in the past and have been widely used, such as berberine (berberine), which is Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory in Coptis chinensis, ephedrine, which is antiasthmatic in Ephedra, and reserpentine, an antihypertensive ingredient in Rauwolfia, In recent years, more active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines have been discovered one after another at home and abroad, especially in terms of biological active ingredients for anti-tumor, treatment of cardiovascular diseases and chronic bronchitis. Other ingredients are commonly found in Chinese herbal medicine, but usually have no biological activity and no medical effect, and are called "ineffective ingredients", such as sugars, proteins, pigments, resins, inorganic salts, etc.
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