Commonly known as earthworms, silkworms and silkworms belong to the Lepidoptera noctuidae. The ground tiger uses larvae to jeopardize the young stems and leaves of the host, and its diet is extremely miscellaneous. It is mainly harmful to corn, sorghum, tobacco and various vegetables. Common ground tigers are small tigers, earth tigers and yellow tigers, among which the small earthworms are the most common and serious. I. Living habits and hazards 1. Small tigers. Multiple generations in a year (2-3 generations in alpine areas), larvae, cockroaches and adults can all overwinter, with the first generation of larvae in early spring being the most dangerous. (1) Adults are concealed during the day and have nocturnal activities. They have strong phototaxis and chemotaxis, and they have good tastes of sweet and sour substances. They have strong ability to migrate. The eggs are scattered on the back of the leaves of the earth, the subtilis fibrous roots and the seedlings of the crop, and a female moth lays eggs. Thousands or so, eggs are scattered or a few pieces are integrated into a small piece, arranged in a line and hatched after 5-7 days. (2) The young tiger larvae have a period of about 30 days. The larvae are old and mature, and the larvae are aged (except the wintering fleas) for about 15 days. The optimum temperature occurs at 11-16°C, and its growth is unfavorable when the temperature is higher than 30°C and lower than 5°C. Larvae are generally 6 years old. Before the third instar, the soil is not ploughed into soil, and they both feed on the leaves or eat the young tissue as nicks day and night. After the third instar of the larvae, the larvae gnaw into the earth and do not work at night, or eat a large part of the leaves or bite the base of the young stem. Or from the root stem into the tender stem feeding; five to six years of age, into the overeating phase, a large amount of food, endangering. Larvae have the habit of transforming strains, so they can cause a large number of seedlings. (3) The occurrence of small tigers is related to soil moisture, texture, and weeds. In areas where it is rainy, humid, along rivers, along lakes and low-lying rafts, where rainfall is abundant and perennial irrigation areas, large quantities and heavy damages occur. Loam and clay loam with good granule structure and strong water retention capacity are suitable for small tigers. 2, land tigers. In the first generation of a year, the larvae overwintered in the field tussock weeds and the topsoil of the green fields. The Yangtze River valley was unearthed in early March and entered the height of the damage in early May. Temperatures higher than 20°C resulted in diapause over summer and began in mid-September. In the middle of October, it became adult. Each female can lay about 1,000 eggs, 11-24 days of egg period, and 30 days of larval period. Harm with small tigers. 3, yellow tiger. In the northeast and Inner Mongolia, there are 2 generations a year, 2-3 generations in the northwest and 3-4 generations in the north. In general, 4-6 instar larvae live in winter in 2-15 cm depth of soil layer, and in late spring in March, overwintering larvae begin to move; in mid-April, middlings in the soil are used for roomization, and flood season is 20-30 days. Adults lived up to night, with strong phototaxis and chemotaxis. Habits are similar to those of small tigers, and larvae are the most dangerous after three years of age. The spring and autumn seasons are hazardous in the middle of the year, but spring damage is more important than autumn. Larvae often bite off seedlings such as crops, fruit tree seedlings, and vegetables from the soil surface. The hardening of the main stem can climb to the top of the plant to harm the growing point. Second, prevention and control measures 1, clean pastoral. Weeds are the breeding ground for ground tigers, and they are bridges to the crops. Therefore, weeds are removed early in the spring, and weeds on the roadsides and fields, and taken to the fields for timely treatment or fertilizer, can eliminate some eggs or larvae. 2, intensive cultivation. Spring plowing can eliminate eggs on the soil. In autumn, the soil is ploughed and dried for 2-3 days, which can kill a large number of larvae and maggots, or perform autumn ploughing and winter irrigation, which can damage the wintering ground of tigers and reduce the overwintering base number. 3, trapping and killing adults and larvae. For adult tigers, they can use sugar, vinegar, wine mixture or black light to slay and kill the tiger's hobby and phototaxis. The larvae can be killed by paulownia leaves, and the old paulownia leaves can be soaked in water and evenly in the evening. Place 70-80 tablets per acre into the vegetable plot and kill the larvae under the leaves the next morning. It can also be used as a mixture of gray vegetables, alfalfa, mugwort, and artemisia annua. In the evening, it is placed in a vegetable plot in small piles, and the larvae are killed in the early morning of the next morning. 4, pharmaceutical control. It is best to control the application of pesticides at the age of 2 in order to kill the tiger at 3 years of age. The selection of pharmaceuticals should be based on pyrethroid insecticides and organophosphate insecticides. The tiger larvae are most sensitive to pyrethroids and have strong resistance to carbamates. The main drug technology is: (1) spray liquid. Use 2.5% deltamethrin EC 2000x (safety interval 2 days) or 20% fenvalerate EC 2000-3000x (safety interval 5 days), or 50% phoxim EC 1000x, Or 90% crystal trichlorfon 1000 times in the control of appropriate ground spraying (safety interval is 7 days, the same below); also available 2.5% trichlorfon powder 1.5-2 kg per acre dusting. (2) Spread poisonous soil and poisonous sand. Use 50% phoxim 0.5 kg of water and appropriate amount of water, spray and mix 125-175 kilograms of fine soil, or use 1 part of 20% cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate to mix 2000 parts of fine sand, or use 2.5% of trichlorfon powder. Mu 1.5-2 kg mixed fine soil 10 kg, sprinkled in the heart leaves. (3) poison bait trapping. With 90% crystal trichlorfon 0.5 kg water 3-4 kg, sprayed on 50 kg of crushed sauteed cottonseed cake or wheat bran, or with 50% phoxim EC 50 grams per mu, mixed with cotton seed cake 5 kg ( Or mash fresh grass). Poison baits or poisonous weeds are scattered near the roots of seedlings in the evening, at a small distance of 15-20 kg per mu. (4) Irrigation. When the worm age is relatively large, 80% of dichlorvos EC or 50% phoxim should be used, and 0.2 kg/mu of water should be used to irrigate the roots of 400 kg of water, or be applied to plant stems (safety interval 5-7 days). 5, artificial capture. For severely-victimized vegetable plots, when the seedlings break down in the field, the topsoil near the seedlings can be removed early in the morning to kill old larvae.
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