The optimum temperature for laying hens is generally 13-23°C. Below 4.5°C, the egg production is obviously decreased and feed consumption is increased. Below 0°C, the hens will stop laying eggs. Therefore, in the cold climate in winter, to maintain stable production and high-yield layer, we must carry out scientific feeding and management, and its technical points are: First, cold insulation. Before entering the winter, we must fully inspect the cold protection facilities, seal all loopholes, and thicken the northern walls. At night, we must increase the temperature of the straw curtains in order to prevent the thief from invading, and at the same time, we must prevent sudden cold current attacks based on weather forecasts. The breeding density can also be appropriately increased. The flat density is generally 7-8 per square meter, and if it is changed into a three-layer cage, the density can reach 20-25 per square meter. In addition, constructing a plastic sloping greenhouse with a low height from the south to the north in the immediate vicinity of the house can not only increase the space temperature of the playground, but also keep the temperature in the henhouse at 5-25°C to meet the temperature of the layer. Claim. Second, increase lighting. Short winter nights, lack of natural light, must be supplemented with artificial light, in order to create light that meets the reproductive physiology of laying hens. The method is to hang a 25-Watt or 40-Watt light bulb (with 3 watts per square meter) with a lampshade at a height of about 2 meters from the ground. The distance between the lamp and the lamp is about 3 meters. If there are multiple rows of bulbs Should be staggered, so that the ground to obtain uniform lighting and improve the utilization of lights. It is necessary to use the supplemental light method sooner or later, and the time for supplemental light is relatively fixed, so as to prevent undue delay and ignorance. The total illumination time for the laying hens is 14-16 hours. Third, scientific feeding. Low temperatures in winter and large thermal energy consumption in laying hens necessitate an increase in dietary energy feeds, an increase in the proportion of corn and other grain feeds, a full-price diet for laying hens, and a guaranteed metabolic energy per kilogram of feed in winter. 2800-2900 kcal, crude protein 17-17.5%, calcium 3.6-3.8%, phosphorus 0.6%. The feed formulation can refer to the following proportions: corn 62%, bean cake 12.1%, wheat bran 13%, fish meal 4%, bone meal 1%, shell powder 7%, salt 0.3%, auxin 0.5%, methionine 0.1%. According to the above formula, add 5 grams of multidimensional pigment to every 50 kilograms of material. Feed 4-5 times a day, drink plenty of warm water, and add proper amount of ore to improve chicken digestion. Fourth, add adjustment drugs. For hens of different ages, adding some irritating substances in the feed can reduce the feed loss and increase the egg production rate. For example, for layer chickens aged 150-200 days, add 40-50 grams of malonic acid per 10 kilograms of bran feed; for 200-340-day-old layers, add succinic acid for every 10 kilograms of bran diet. 55-60 grams; For 340-day-old laying hens, add 3.5-4 grams of vitamin B2 and 25-30 grams of vitamin B12 for every 10 kilograms of bran feed. Not only the egg production rate can be increased by about 12%, but also feed. The average daily consumption can be reduced to 8.7 grams. Fifth, ventilation. The winter feeding time is long, the density is high, the excrement is more, and the closed chicken house is easy to be polluted, affecting the health of the chicken and reducing the egg production rate. Therefore, we must pay attention to ventilation, so that the air inside the house is fresh. That is, the closed chicken house uses negative pressure mechanical ventilation to improve horizontal ventilation for vertical ventilation. Open chicken houses, mainly by the opening of the window to adjust the amount of ventilation and the formation of convection. Try to control all kinds of harmful gases in the house within the specified standards, that is, the carbon dioxide content should not exceed 0.5%, the ammonia concentration must be less than 10ppm, and the hydrogen sulfide concentration should be less than 10ppm. Sixth, careful management. There is a large temperature difference between the inside and the outside in winter. Before opening the chicken in the morning, you should open some windows and put the chicken in about 20 minutes to prevent a cold. And to keep the chicken coop clean, diligent heat exchange grass, diligence cleaning feces, relative humidity control in 55-60%. At the same time, it is also forbidden to feed mildew, frozen feed, prevent feed mutations and reduce stress responses. Seven, epidemic prevention. To prevent the occurrence of epidemics, regular disinfection of chicken coops, utensils, and drinking water should be conducted, and regular immunizations for preventive administration and flocking should be done. At the same time, we must carefully observe the flock, early detection, isolation, treatment of diseased chickens, diseased and dead chickens must be burned to prevent epidemic and spread of infectious diseases. China Agricultural Network Editor
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