Planting facilities and time spent most of winter cultivation in the cold winter season. Therefore, the cultivation facility must be a solar greenhouse with good insulation properties. The sowing and seeding period for eggplant cultivation in winter is from the end of August to the middle of September. In the warm, sunny autumn, strong seedlings are planted and planted in the greenhouse from the end of October to the beginning of November. Harvesting begins around mid-December until the fall of the following year.
Nursery nursery bed should be built in the wind barrier Yangshuo, small arch shed. When conditions permit, it is best to build directly in a greenhouse.
Pre-planting seed treatment method is same as early spring cultivation. Seeding method refers to early spring cultivation. Water immediately after emergence. After the seedlings are flushed, the seedlings should be planted in time and weeding in time. When 1 to 2 true leaves are needed, they should be divided into seedlings. The construction of split seedlings is the same as the cultivation of seedlings. The seedling spacing is 10 cm and 10 cm. Subsequent watering after seedlings, after the first seedlings from 1 to 2 days at noon, from 10 to 2 in the afternoon, you can take a shady shade on the seedlings to prevent the seedlings from wiping. Subsequent to seedlings, seedlings should be watered in a timely manner, every 5 days to 7 days 1 water, keep the soil within the soil see dry see wet. And loosen soil 2 to 3 times in time. For example, if the soil lacks fertilizer, compound fertilizer can be applied once every 10 days to 15 days, and the amount of 100 kg to 150 kg per hectare can be used.
During the seedling period of winter eggplant cultivation, the ambient temperature is higher in the early period and large ventilation or shading measures should be adopted to reduce the seedbed temperature. At the late stage of the nursery, the outside temperature gradually decreases. The temperature should be maintained by covering the film, and the seedlings should not be chilled. 5 days to 7 days before colonization, ventilation should be reduced. The controlled temperature conditions are the same as those for early spring ripening. Planting large water cuts 5 days to 7 days prior to planting for transplanting with soil picking when planting.
In the autumn, seedlings grow rapidly and their seedling age is 50 days to 60 days. The criteria for strong seedlings are 8 to 9 leaves, 20 cm in height and 0.3 to 0.4 cm in diameter.
A large amount of organic basal fertilizer should be applied to the planting cultivation area. In combination with deep-turning, the organic fertilizer is applied to 75,000 to 100,000 kilograms per hectare, and 750 kg of superphosphate or 750 kg of compound fertilizer is added. Afterwards, the sampan was made into a sorghum with a height of 13 centimeters, a width of 50 centimeters, and a width of 60 centimeters.
At the time of planting, two lines were planted on the sorghum and the spacing was 38 cm and 50 cm. After planting mulch, water dipping.
Field management light regulation: Short winter lighting time, weak light intensity, should strengthen lighting management. In the case of daylight that can reach the sheds, as soon as possible to cover late cover grass rake. Clean plastic film in time to maintain good light transmittance.
Temperature Management: When the temperature falls below 13°C at night, the plastic film should be detained. After the temperature rises during the day, the membrane is ventilated. As the outside temperature drops, the vents should get smaller and smaller and cover the grasshoppers at night. Keep 25°C to 30°C during the day and 15°C or more at night. In winter, in addition to the insulation of the greenhouse film and grass seedlings, it is also possible to add a small arch to the earthworms. In addition to the general cold insulation measures, it can also spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% sucrose solution, or antifreeze, every 3 days to 5 days 1 times to improve the plant's cold resistance.
In the spring, when the temperature in the shed exceeds 30°C, it can be ventilated, exhausted, and cooled. When the outside temperature is above 15°C, the grasshoppers can be removed and the plastic film can be opened and ventilated overnight. In summer, all vents should be opened to cool down, and the top film should be used to shade and reduce the indoor temperature.
Fertilizer management: The fertilizer and water management of winter eggplant cultivation can be divided into the following 6 stages:
Flowering and budding stage: After planting in November, it should be ploughed by cultivating loose soil and less watering. As long as the soil is not dry, it will not need watering and no fertilizer, preventing the greenhouse temperature from being too high and watering too much and being long.
The winter period: from mid-December to early February, the lowest temperature during this period, the plants grow slowly, and can be top-dressed without watering.
Early spring harvest: Outside temperatures gradually increase from February to March. Plant growth rate, increase the amount of harvest, should be top dressing 2 to 3 times. For each hectare in the sulcus, 750 to 1500 kg of cooked bean cake, or 225 to 300 kg of compound fertilizer, is used. Combined with top-dressing water, keep the soil dry and wet, generally 7 days to 10 days.
Harvesting period: From the end of March to May, the external environmental conditions are appropriate during this period, and the eggplant enters the full fruit period. At this time should be a lot of fertilizer. For every 10 days, 300 kg to 370 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per hectare. When conditions permit, combined spraying can be applied topically 0.2% ~ 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea solution, or 5% of the ash leaching solution, or 0.3% of titanium fertilizer, etc., usually 10 times a day. In combination with topdressing, timely watering, generally 5 days to 7 days a water.
Late harvest: From June to July, the weather was hot and the market price dropped, resulting in a decrease in harvest volume. If you pull out in July, you can skip top dressing. For example, if the person pulls out after the frost in late October, he should still chase the fertilizer once every 10 days, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, combined with water and irrigation.
The harvest peak in autumn: from August to mid-October, the outside climate is suitable, and the second harvest peak of eggplant occurs again. In early August, cultivating and weeding should be carried out, and on both sides of the earthworms, we should chase cake-fat fertilizer on both sides, applying 1500 kilograms per hectare, and then applying urea twice, each at 300 kilograms. Watering in conjunction with timely fertilization, keep the soil see dry see wet, generally 5 days to 7 days a water.
Harvesting the root of the eggplant and harvesting the eggplant should be done early so as not to consume too much nutrients, affecting the vegetative growth of the plant, and affecting the flowers and fruits behind.
Nursery nursery bed should be built in the wind barrier Yangshuo, small arch shed. When conditions permit, it is best to build directly in a greenhouse.
Pre-planting seed treatment method is same as early spring cultivation. Seeding method refers to early spring cultivation. Water immediately after emergence. After the seedlings are flushed, the seedlings should be planted in time and weeding in time. When 1 to 2 true leaves are needed, they should be divided into seedlings. The construction of split seedlings is the same as the cultivation of seedlings. The seedling spacing is 10 cm and 10 cm. Subsequent watering after seedlings, after the first seedlings from 1 to 2 days at noon, from 10 to 2 in the afternoon, you can take a shady shade on the seedlings to prevent the seedlings from wiping. Subsequent to seedlings, seedlings should be watered in a timely manner, every 5 days to 7 days 1 water, keep the soil within the soil see dry see wet. And loosen soil 2 to 3 times in time. For example, if the soil lacks fertilizer, compound fertilizer can be applied once every 10 days to 15 days, and the amount of 100 kg to 150 kg per hectare can be used.
During the seedling period of winter eggplant cultivation, the ambient temperature is higher in the early period and large ventilation or shading measures should be adopted to reduce the seedbed temperature. At the late stage of the nursery, the outside temperature gradually decreases. The temperature should be maintained by covering the film, and the seedlings should not be chilled. 5 days to 7 days before colonization, ventilation should be reduced. The controlled temperature conditions are the same as those for early spring ripening. Planting large water cuts 5 days to 7 days prior to planting for transplanting with soil picking when planting.
In the autumn, seedlings grow rapidly and their seedling age is 50 days to 60 days. The criteria for strong seedlings are 8 to 9 leaves, 20 cm in height and 0.3 to 0.4 cm in diameter.
A large amount of organic basal fertilizer should be applied to the planting cultivation area. In combination with deep-turning, the organic fertilizer is applied to 75,000 to 100,000 kilograms per hectare, and 750 kg of superphosphate or 750 kg of compound fertilizer is added. Afterwards, the sampan was made into a sorghum with a height of 13 centimeters, a width of 50 centimeters, and a width of 60 centimeters.
At the time of planting, two lines were planted on the sorghum and the spacing was 38 cm and 50 cm. After planting mulch, water dipping.
Field management light regulation: Short winter lighting time, weak light intensity, should strengthen lighting management. In the case of daylight that can reach the sheds, as soon as possible to cover late cover grass rake. Clean plastic film in time to maintain good light transmittance.
Temperature Management: When the temperature falls below 13°C at night, the plastic film should be detained. After the temperature rises during the day, the membrane is ventilated. As the outside temperature drops, the vents should get smaller and smaller and cover the grasshoppers at night. Keep 25°C to 30°C during the day and 15°C or more at night. In winter, in addition to the insulation of the greenhouse film and grass seedlings, it is also possible to add a small arch to the earthworms. In addition to the general cold insulation measures, it can also spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% sucrose solution, or antifreeze, every 3 days to 5 days 1 times to improve the plant's cold resistance.
In the spring, when the temperature in the shed exceeds 30°C, it can be ventilated, exhausted, and cooled. When the outside temperature is above 15°C, the grasshoppers can be removed and the plastic film can be opened and ventilated overnight. In summer, all vents should be opened to cool down, and the top film should be used to shade and reduce the indoor temperature.
Fertilizer management: The fertilizer and water management of winter eggplant cultivation can be divided into the following 6 stages:
Flowering and budding stage: After planting in November, it should be ploughed by cultivating loose soil and less watering. As long as the soil is not dry, it will not need watering and no fertilizer, preventing the greenhouse temperature from being too high and watering too much and being long.
The winter period: from mid-December to early February, the lowest temperature during this period, the plants grow slowly, and can be top-dressed without watering.
Early spring harvest: Outside temperatures gradually increase from February to March. Plant growth rate, increase the amount of harvest, should be top dressing 2 to 3 times. For each hectare in the sulcus, 750 to 1500 kg of cooked bean cake, or 225 to 300 kg of compound fertilizer, is used. Combined with top-dressing water, keep the soil dry and wet, generally 7 days to 10 days.
Harvesting period: From the end of March to May, the external environmental conditions are appropriate during this period, and the eggplant enters the full fruit period. At this time should be a lot of fertilizer. For every 10 days, 300 kg to 370 kg of compound fertilizer is applied per hectare. When conditions permit, combined spraying can be applied topically 0.2% ~ 0.3% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea solution, or 5% of the ash leaching solution, or 0.3% of titanium fertilizer, etc., usually 10 times a day. In combination with topdressing, timely watering, generally 5 days to 7 days a water.
Late harvest: From June to July, the weather was hot and the market price dropped, resulting in a decrease in harvest volume. If you pull out in July, you can skip top dressing. For example, if the person pulls out after the frost in late October, he should still chase the fertilizer once every 10 days, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, combined with water and irrigation.
The harvest peak in autumn: from August to mid-October, the outside climate is suitable, and the second harvest peak of eggplant occurs again. In early August, cultivating and weeding should be carried out, and on both sides of the earthworms, we should chase cake-fat fertilizer on both sides, applying 1500 kilograms per hectare, and then applying urea twice, each at 300 kilograms. Watering in conjunction with timely fertilization, keep the soil see dry see wet, generally 5 days to 7 days a water.
Harvesting the root of the eggplant and harvesting the eggplant should be done early so as not to consume too much nutrients, affecting the vegetative growth of the plant, and affecting the flowers and fruits behind.
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