In the view of Huinong.com, the most feared vegetable cultivation is the occurrence of diseases. If there is no good management of disease in the planting process, it will lead to reduced production of vegetables, even zero production. Today, Huinong.com The editors talked about the occurrence and prevention of cucumber physiological diseases, and the growers have a quick look!
Cucumber planting process is restricted by various factors, physiological diseases will occur, affecting cucumber yield and planting quality, causing certain economic losses to cucumber growers. In view of the physiological diseases that occur in cucumbers, professionals need to take precautionary measures to treat cucumber physiological diseases early and improve the economic value of cucumbers.
The cultivation of cucumber needs to pay attention to the output of the product. It is also necessary to pay attention to the quality of the product. Only when the quality and quantity reach a reasonable balance can the development of the cucumber planting industry be promoted. The author summarizes the causes and preventive measures of cucumber physiological diseases as follows:
1 The occurrence and harm of physiological diseases of cucumber
The cucumber fruit that grows normally is straight, slightly apex, and has a good shape. It is loved by people, and cucumber suffers from physiological diseases. The fruit is characterized by thin waist melon, curved melon, big belly melon and bitter melon. The taste and shape are worse than normal cucumbers, causing economic losses to cucumber growers, and it is also very likely to lead to slow sales of cucumber products.
Cucumber physiological disease refers to the disease that is not infected by pathogens, bacteria and fungi during the growth of cucumber. It is mainly due to the restriction of cucumber growth environment. Temperature, light and water are the main causes of physiological diseases of cucumber. The physiological disease of cucumber was found by instrumental detection.
China's agricultural product planting experts found that during the planting period of cucumber, the growth temperature and illumination were strictly controlled during the period of cucumber growth, which ensured that the cucumber melon shape was well-proportioned and the taste was good. Adopt artificial prevention and other means to prevent the occurrence of physiological diseases of cucumber and ensure the quality and yield of cucumber.
2 Cucumber physiological diseases and preventive measures
During the growth process of cucumber, due to the occurrence of physiological diseases, its economic value and commodity value are reduced, which causes cucumber growers to suffer certain economic losses. Measures against cucumber physiological diseases should be taken to prevent economic losses to growers.
2.1 thin waist melon.
The thin waist melon appears to be shrunk at one or more places in the middle part of the vertical axis, resulting in the overall image of the cucumber not reaching the standard, which is different from the normal cucumber. Cucumbers in this type of situation are usually not sold, can only be retailed, and cannot be exported to large supermarkets, causing economic losses to cucumber growers. The reason for the appearance of thin waist melon is that the cucumber is not fully fertilized, the nutrients required for growth and development are not balanced, and the temperature control is not suitable. Precautionary measures: Create good pollination conditions to ensure uniform fertilization of cucumber; strengthen soil moisture during cucumber growth, and properly apply boron fertilizer; if necessary, artificial pollination can be used to ensure uniform pollination of cucumber; The soil moisture inside the greenhouse, timely feeding of cucumber nutrients; formulating relevant greenhouse cucumber detection system, regularly detecting the growth of cucumber, and moderately adjusting the temperature of the greenhouse.
2.2 Bent melons.
The physiological disease of curved melons is as follows: the shape of the cucumber is curved, although it does not affect the taste, but the appearance is not attractive. There are two main reasons, one for natural reasons and the other for human reasons. The natural reason is that the supply of light and nutrients is insufficient, the lack of light transmission, can not meet the nutrient demand of cucumber, affecting the development of cucumber ovary; the artificial reason is mainly the excessive application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the loss of color of the melon strip, or the color is not good. Cucumber does not grow normally and becomes curved.
Precautionary measures: In the early stage of cucumber seedling, the flower bud differentiation should be ensured, and the fertilizer and water management should be strengthened during the fruit expansion period. Rational fertilization to ensure the growth of the plant, to ensure the looseness of the root layer, ventilation and light transmission in the greenhouse. After March, increase the amount of ventilation in the greenhouse, and apply organic fertilizer appropriately to avoid excessive or too little nutrients in the melon. The soil in the cucumber planting area needs to be replenished in time. The drip irrigation mode can be used to avoid excessive water in the greenhouse, causing the roots of the cucumber to rot, and the greenhouse is opened regularly to allow the cucumber to be properly exposed to the sun.
2.3 Big belly melon.
The main reason for the formation of the big belly melon is that the cucumber is not fertilized unevenly, at the tip of the fertilization, the fertilization site is hypertrophy, the development of the unfertilized part is incomplete, and the growth retardation occurs. Although the taste of the big belly is not affected, the appearance is not loved by people. During the growth period of cucumber, the management of fertilizer and water is unqualified, the growth ability of plants is weakened, the soil fertility is declining, the soil lacks potassium, and the cucumber's ability to resist disasters is not strong. It cannot adapt to changes brought about by the external environment in time, and is prone to physiological diseases. Preventive measures: establish a scientific fertilizer and water management system; improve the ventilation conditions of the lower leaves of the melons, promote uniform fertilization of cucumbers; rationally use nitrogen fertilizers and potash fertilizers to ensure soil fertility, and not apply too much fertilizer, otherwise it will inhibit the growth of cucumbers, and then only grow long The results of leaf failure are not recommended; artificial pollination is recommended to ensure uniform pollination of cucumbers and to control the actual growth of cucumbers.
2.4 bitter melon.
The bitter melon is mainly insufficient or oversupply in the growth period of cucumber, which causes the cucumber plant to grow too fast, and the side branches and the weak branches bear bitter melon. The disastrous weather makes the cucumber root activity hindered, the absorbed water and nutrients are less, and the melon growth Slowly, too much bitterness is accumulated in the roots and lower fruits, which causes the cucumber to taste bitter.
Precautionary measures: Reasonably manage the temperature of cucumber, timely watering and fertilizing to ensure the supply of cucumber nutrients. At the same time, the cucumber is given enough light to ensure that the roots of the cucumber absorb water and nutrients. During the planting period of cucumber, attention should be paid to the protection of cucumber roots to ensure the moisturizing degree of cucumber growth environment, to ensure the suitable growth environment of cucumber, and to promote the healthy development of cucumber.
In the process of planting cucumber, it is necessary to do a good job in the prevention of physiological diseases of cucumbers, and to strengthen the control of cucumber growth by formulating relevant prevention systems to ensure the quality of cucumbers. Prevent the shortage of cucumber nutrient supply caused by natural factors, improve the cucumber varieties in time, scientifically and rationally select the cucumber varieties suitable for planting in the region, effectively control the fertilization, thereby improve the yield and quality of cucumber, and bring more to the cucumber growers. Economic benefits. When cucumbers have physiological diseases, the growers need to use scientific and reasonable means to control the physiological diseases of cucumbers, avoid excessive application of pesticides, affect the quality of cucumbers, and cause economic losses to growers.
Therefore, the occurrence and prevention measures of the above physiological diseases of cucumbers, the growers have to take a closer look, learned to ensure that the cucumbers you planted increase production increase!
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