Key technologies for high yield cultivation of gardenia

The medlar is also known as hawthorn fruit and yellow wolfberry fruit, and its fruit is used for medicinal purposes and natural pigments are extracted. Medicinal use has the functions of eliminating irritability, clearing away heat and dampness, cooling blood and detoxifying; using its fruit as raw material to extract natural pigments is widely used in food industry and export. In recent years, domestic and foreign markets have rapidly increased their demand for rice dumplings, and the market is very bullish. In order to increase the yield of rice dumplings and increase economic returns, several major measures for high yield cultivation of rice dumplings are described below: First, the selection of the land for planting and planting of the dumplings is a solid foundation for the high yield of rice dumplings. High-yielding sorghum planting sites should be selected from north to south, east-west sunny slopes in the middle or lower or flat soil deep, fertile loose, well-drained sandy soil, wasteland should be carried out in the first year of winter scorpion, and then press line The spacing of 1.51.2m or 1.31.2m spacing is 50cm. After winter weathering, 5kg of farmyard manure is applied to each hole before planting in the second year of spring, and the soil and fertilizer are mixed well and ready for planting. Second, reasonable pruning After the plastic planting, the scorpion tree will be trimmed into a natural open shape. Specific practice: In the first year after colonization, the main stem is erased within 20cm from the ground as a fixed height. When it is as long as 18 to 20 cm, 3 to 4 strong branches with different growth directions are selected and cultivated as main branches. Between the leaves of the main branch left in the summer of the second year, 3 to 4 strong branches are selected. Reserved for cultivation as a sub-branch, grow in different directions, in order to extend the tip. Later, the side branches will be released on the secondary branch. The third year will enter the result period. Through reasonable shaping, the canopy outer circle, branches sparse, ventilation and light transmission, regulate the growth, development, branching, flowering, the balance between results, reduce nutrient useless consumption, increase the area of ​​results, increase production. Third, the first 1 to 2 years after scientific fertilization and planting, the plants are in vegetative growth stage, and fertilization should be followed by nitrogenous fertilizers, supplemented by phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Combining farming and weeding is applied 3 times a year, in spring, summer and autumn respectively, 1500-2000 kg of livestock manure water is applied every 667 square meters for the first and second time, and the third fertilizer is applied every 667 square meters. Manure 2000kg, in the periphery of the canopy open ring ditch, Shi later earth, to promote the growth of the crown. When the wolfberry enters the result period, the application of phosphorus and potassium is dominant, and nitrogen fertilizer depends on the growth of the plant to increase the rate of results. Apply 3 to 4 times a year, the first spring fertilizer, 3 to 4 months each year, urea 25kg and cake fertilizer 50kg per 667 square meters. The second application of strong fruit fertilizer, in May to June, increased phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, apply 50kg of compound fertilizer per 667 square meters, and use 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea solution or 3% superphosphate Liquid 75 ~ 100kg, selected sunny spray leaves, flowers, fruit for extra-root fertilizer. For the third time, the autumn shoot fertilizer was promoted, and the buds of the top buds of the gardenia formed more than 95% of the buds. The autumn shoot buds accounted for more than 85% of the resulting plants. This was the main branch of the results. This time the shoot growth fertilizer was particularly important, usually before the beginning of autumn. Every 667 square meters of applied fertilizer 2000kg mixed with 30kg of cake fertilizer, 5kg of urea mixed with open-loop ditch, applied back cover to promote the growth of autumn shoots and flower bud differentiation. The 4th time after the fruit collection, the application of fertilizer is 667m2 per 667m2, 2000kg of sod ash (fire and earth ash), and 25-30kg of superphosphate are uniformly mixed. The large amount of nutrients consumed after the results of the dumplings, the restoration of plant growth, the differentiation of flower buds, and the avoidance of the phenomenon of results every other year, enhance the cold resistance of the plants. It is particularly important to top-dress two times after top-dressing, and the amount of fertilizer still accounts for two-thirds of the annual total fertilizer. In the flowering season of gardenia, 0.15% borax is sprayed, and when the flower is diluted 3/4, it is sprayed with a solution containing 5 g of gibberellic acid per 100 kg of water or 8 to 10 g of 2.4-D and 0.3% urea, 0.2% phosphoric acid per 1000 kg of water solution. The mixture of hydrogen and potassium, sprayed once every 10 to 15 days, and even sprayed twice, can promote the growth of medlar, accelerate cell growth, reduce the formation of detached pedicel, and thus increase the fruit setting rate. 4. Whether timely harvesting and harvesting of medlar harvest has a great impact on the yield and quality. Early harvesting of the blue-green peel has not yet matured. Its processing has a low dry rate, low yield, and poor quality. It is too late. Harvesting, then drying is difficult, processing is easy to mold, not only difficult to keep, but also poor quality. Therefore, timely harvesting of gardenia should be carried out when the pericarp is reddish-yellow, and it is best to choose sunny harvesting. The processed product has not only high dry-off rate but also excellent quality. China Agricultural Network Editor

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