Since mid-November 2011, field experts from the National Wheat Industry Technical System have conducted field surveys and surveys of some provinces and cities in the northern winter wheat region to analyze the conditions of wheat planting and seedling growth as follows:
Seedlings and lyrics in the northern main producing areas of wheat sowing before the end of the crop more suitable or more adequate, several times after the emergence of rainfall, soil moisture generally persistent good, conducive to emergence and seedling growth. According to the remote sensing monitoring results of soil moisture, most of the soils in the northern wheat region have proper moisture conditions, and the suitable proportion of soil moisture is 98%. In general, the characteristics of the current Miao region in the northern wheat region are: the population is suitable or relatively large, the proportion of individuals with propensity to prosperous (tenner) is relatively high, and the average seedling quality is relatively poor. According to a number of surveys and summaries by experts, the proportion of lean seedlings accounts for about 5%-10%, one seedling accounts for about 30%, the second seedling accounts for about 40%, and the third seedling accounts for about 20%. The reason for poor seedling quality is mainly due to the large population, high temperature, and low sunshine. Wheat seedlings grow faster, sowing seedlings are more prosperous, and seedlings are weaker in late seeding. Dryland wheat showed better overall puberty and seedling conditions than usual.
Henan Yuzhongnanteng early, sowing date is basically the same as in previous years sowing date, and the early rainfall and good moisture, a large proportion of prosperous seedlings; the evening of the Yellow River lags in the evening, then it rains, resulting in varying degrees of late sowing. The sowing date of Hebei wheat-yushu two-mature wheat is mostly on October 5-20 of the same year. The sowing date of cotton buckwheat is from October 22 to November 15 in the same year. The current seedling age is also quite different, but the general population is larger. . The sowing date of the main grain fields in Shandong is relatively concentrated, the sowing date is appropriate, the groups are sufficient, the overall seedling condition is good, and the proportion of the first and second seedlings may be relatively high. The proper sowing of wheat in dryland in Shanxi Province was also due to high rainfall and high temperatures, and there was a prolonged trend. In some dryland wheat and mulch-covered wheat, due to large sowing and insufficient illumination, leaf sheaths were elongated, and the leaves were slender and yellow-green in color. Up to 30-40cm of the plant "pseudo-wang seedlings"; water and dry land in the complex wheat due to late summer slaughter crops, late sowing date generally delayed 10-15 days, the current individual is too small. Shaanxi's Miaoqing is also showing a weak tendency of magnified by both rain and sunshine. According to the understanding of the situation in Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan, and Tongchuan, the seeding conditions in the drylands were earlier. The first and second types of seedlings were up to 80%, but the proportion of Wangmiao and Liaowang seedlings also reached more than 15%. The water sowing period is relatively late, and the wet sowing and podcasting quality is poor. The basic seedlings are between 18-32 thousand/mu, with an average of 264,000 per mu. The main stems have a leaf age of 3.2-4.5, and the average per plant is 1.2, with 30% The single plants had no tillers, and the total number of stems was between 28-630000/mu, about 20% for one type of seedlings, about 50% for the second type, and more than 20% for the third type, and the weaker ones accounted for a large proportion.
Overwintering seedlings prediction: winter wheat in the northern ground wheat field will be very common and heavy damage, the main reason is that the current seedlings are mostly green and weak conditions, some prosperous, most areas so far no wheat seedlings exercise. At the end of November of the same year, it is facing a substantial cooling, most areas will enter the wintering period in advance, and the blades will be suddenly frozen. However, due to better soil moisture, the freezing injury in winter may only be related to the leaves and will not affect the tiller section. In addition to individual serious growth, poor planting, or unfit wheat, it is not expected to cause a large area of ​​dead seedlings.
Technical measures (1) In late winter areas, the seedlings should be kept under pressure to control the length of the planting area: For the long wheat leaf area with a large number of leaves, a large number of total stems, and lots of land with a large number of crops and lots of land, the pre-winter repression should be grasped. , Inhibit the overgrowth of wheat seedlings above ground to ensure safe winter wheat seedlings. The repression time should be selected in the afternoon on a sunny day so as to avoid frost cracking the wound in the morning. Wetlands should not be suppressed. In the warm winter southern region of the northern wheat region, the cultivation of cuttings can be controlled by cultivating roots and cutting off roots, but it is not suitable for cold areas in the north.
(2) Due to the proper pouring of overwintering water in due season: For wheat fields with less precipitation, insufficient soil moisture, or unsuitable surface sediments; poor straw returning quality and soil preparation, no repression after sowing, and soil loosening The wheat field should still insist on pouring well overwinter water. Earlier winter water wheat fields, watering, timely scratching, breaking the soil compaction. As most soil moisture conditions in 2011 are better, the amount of watering can be reduced to 30 to 40 cubic meters per acre, which can play a solid role in soil, broken debris, and full of water.
(3) Attach importance to control of weeds and diseases and pests: Since most wheat fields have ample moisture and there are more weeds, we should seize the opportunity to weather weeds better than sunny weather. At the same time, due to the high humidity in the field, wheat seedling diseases, such as sheath blight and root rot, are prone to occur. The diseased land can be compounded with pesticides such as triadimefon, carbendazim, propiconazole, etc. when spraying herbicides. , to achieve the effect of disease prevention and weeding. Insect pests, such as helminths, will decrease with temperature and winter water, but they may still occur in the spring.
(4) For wheat fields that do not pour water in winter, it is recommended that they be suppressed before returning green in the early spring. At the same time, grazing prohibited in winter.
(5) Northwest mulch wheat should be strictly controlled to avoid excessive water consumption at the seedling stage. Paclobutrazol control modifiers are available when necessary.
Seedlings and lyrics in the northern main producing areas of wheat sowing before the end of the crop more suitable or more adequate, several times after the emergence of rainfall, soil moisture generally persistent good, conducive to emergence and seedling growth. According to the remote sensing monitoring results of soil moisture, most of the soils in the northern wheat region have proper moisture conditions, and the suitable proportion of soil moisture is 98%. In general, the characteristics of the current Miao region in the northern wheat region are: the population is suitable or relatively large, the proportion of individuals with propensity to prosperous (tenner) is relatively high, and the average seedling quality is relatively poor. According to a number of surveys and summaries by experts, the proportion of lean seedlings accounts for about 5%-10%, one seedling accounts for about 30%, the second seedling accounts for about 40%, and the third seedling accounts for about 20%. The reason for poor seedling quality is mainly due to the large population, high temperature, and low sunshine. Wheat seedlings grow faster, sowing seedlings are more prosperous, and seedlings are weaker in late seeding. Dryland wheat showed better overall puberty and seedling conditions than usual.
Henan Yuzhongnanteng early, sowing date is basically the same as in previous years sowing date, and the early rainfall and good moisture, a large proportion of prosperous seedlings; the evening of the Yellow River lags in the evening, then it rains, resulting in varying degrees of late sowing. The sowing date of Hebei wheat-yushu two-mature wheat is mostly on October 5-20 of the same year. The sowing date of cotton buckwheat is from October 22 to November 15 in the same year. The current seedling age is also quite different, but the general population is larger. . The sowing date of the main grain fields in Shandong is relatively concentrated, the sowing date is appropriate, the groups are sufficient, the overall seedling condition is good, and the proportion of the first and second seedlings may be relatively high. The proper sowing of wheat in dryland in Shanxi Province was also due to high rainfall and high temperatures, and there was a prolonged trend. In some dryland wheat and mulch-covered wheat, due to large sowing and insufficient illumination, leaf sheaths were elongated, and the leaves were slender and yellow-green in color. Up to 30-40cm of the plant "pseudo-wang seedlings"; water and dry land in the complex wheat due to late summer slaughter crops, late sowing date generally delayed 10-15 days, the current individual is too small. Shaanxi's Miaoqing is also showing a weak tendency of magnified by both rain and sunshine. According to the understanding of the situation in Xianyang, Baoji, Weinan, and Tongchuan, the seeding conditions in the drylands were earlier. The first and second types of seedlings were up to 80%, but the proportion of Wangmiao and Liaowang seedlings also reached more than 15%. The water sowing period is relatively late, and the wet sowing and podcasting quality is poor. The basic seedlings are between 18-32 thousand/mu, with an average of 264,000 per mu. The main stems have a leaf age of 3.2-4.5, and the average per plant is 1.2, with 30% The single plants had no tillers, and the total number of stems was between 28-630000/mu, about 20% for one type of seedlings, about 50% for the second type, and more than 20% for the third type, and the weaker ones accounted for a large proportion.
Overwintering seedlings prediction: winter wheat in the northern ground wheat field will be very common and heavy damage, the main reason is that the current seedlings are mostly green and weak conditions, some prosperous, most areas so far no wheat seedlings exercise. At the end of November of the same year, it is facing a substantial cooling, most areas will enter the wintering period in advance, and the blades will be suddenly frozen. However, due to better soil moisture, the freezing injury in winter may only be related to the leaves and will not affect the tiller section. In addition to individual serious growth, poor planting, or unfit wheat, it is not expected to cause a large area of ​​dead seedlings.
Technical measures (1) In late winter areas, the seedlings should be kept under pressure to control the length of the planting area: For the long wheat leaf area with a large number of leaves, a large number of total stems, and lots of land with a large number of crops and lots of land, the pre-winter repression should be grasped. , Inhibit the overgrowth of wheat seedlings above ground to ensure safe winter wheat seedlings. The repression time should be selected in the afternoon on a sunny day so as to avoid frost cracking the wound in the morning. Wetlands should not be suppressed. In the warm winter southern region of the northern wheat region, the cultivation of cuttings can be controlled by cultivating roots and cutting off roots, but it is not suitable for cold areas in the north.
(2) Due to the proper pouring of overwintering water in due season: For wheat fields with less precipitation, insufficient soil moisture, or unsuitable surface sediments; poor straw returning quality and soil preparation, no repression after sowing, and soil loosening The wheat field should still insist on pouring well overwinter water. Earlier winter water wheat fields, watering, timely scratching, breaking the soil compaction. As most soil moisture conditions in 2011 are better, the amount of watering can be reduced to 30 to 40 cubic meters per acre, which can play a solid role in soil, broken debris, and full of water.
(3) Attach importance to control of weeds and diseases and pests: Since most wheat fields have ample moisture and there are more weeds, we should seize the opportunity to weather weeds better than sunny weather. At the same time, due to the high humidity in the field, wheat seedling diseases, such as sheath blight and root rot, are prone to occur. The diseased land can be compounded with pesticides such as triadimefon, carbendazim, propiconazole, etc. when spraying herbicides. , to achieve the effect of disease prevention and weeding. Insect pests, such as helminths, will decrease with temperature and winter water, but they may still occur in the spring.
(4) For wheat fields that do not pour water in winter, it is recommended that they be suppressed before returning green in the early spring. At the same time, grazing prohibited in winter.
(5) Northwest mulch wheat should be strictly controlled to avoid excessive water consumption at the seedling stage. Paclobutrazol control modifiers are available when necessary.
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